新概念英語丨【第三期】時(shí)態(tài)（二）：一般過去時(shí)用法大全

日期：2017-05-22 10:37 點(diǎn)擊：

　　一般過去時(shí)

　　(一)定義

　　一般過去時(shí)主要用來表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常與表過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。如：

　　· He came here yesterday.

　　· We visited Paris last week.
 

　　(二)基本結(jié)構(gòu)

　　一般過去時(shí)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)一般為：

　　主語+was/were/did+其他成分

　　如：

　　· She was at the party yesterday evening.

　　· They went to the park this Friday.

　　· He told me that I could leave for Shanghai.
 

　　(三)主要用法

　　1、表過去某個(gè)時(shí)間會(huì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)

　　· The dog had a house of its own just now.

　　· She came to see me yesterday afternoon.
 

　　2、表過去習(xí)慣性或經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)

　　· I smoked a lot when I was a college student.

　　· You were always at home on weekends last month.
 

　　【注意】

　　過去習(xí)慣的表達(dá)經(jīng)常會(huì)用到used to do，但用了這個(gè)短語，往往意味著現(xiàn)在這個(gè)習(xí)慣已經(jīng)沒有了。如：

　　§ He used to smoke a lot. (他過去煙癮很重。)

　　

 

　　(四)動(dòng)詞的過去式

　　動(dòng)詞過去式的變化規(guī)則主要有：

　　1、+ed

　　大部分動(dòng)詞都直接在詞尾加ed。如：played、worked
 

　　2、+d

　　以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，直接在詞尾加d。如：deleted(刪除)、faded(消逝)
 

　　3、+ied

　　以輔音+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，要改y為i，再加ed。如：studied、cried
 

　　4、+ked

　　以ic結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，要先加k再加ed。如：panicked(恐慌)、trafficked(販運(yùn))
 

　　5、雙寫+ed

　　當(dāng)單詞以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾時(shí)，要雙寫最后一個(gè)輔音字母，再加ed。如：stopped、padded(填塞)
 

　　6、不規(guī)則

　　不規(guī)則的動(dòng)詞關(guān)鍵在于多識(shí)記，如：put-put，come-came，go-went，take-took，lend-lent。

　　

 

　　(五)標(biāo)志性詞語

　　1、yesterday系列

　　這類時(shí)間狀語主要有：yesterday、yesterday morning/afternoon/evening、the day before yesterday等。如：

　　· I met an old friend on the street the day before yesterday.

　　· The band gave a performance at the bar yesterday evening.
 

　　2、last系列

　　這類時(shí)間狀語主要是指由“last+時(shí)間單位”引導(dǎo)的短語：last Wednesday / last week / last month / last summer / last year等。如：

　　· They spent their holiday in Berlin last month.

　　· She left for Beijing on business last week.
 

　　3、ago系列

　　這個(gè)短語的意思是“多長時(shí)間之前”，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：時(shí)間段+ago。如：

　　· The train left five minutes ago.

　　· The plane arrived an hour ago.
 

　　4、just now

　　該短語表示“剛才”。如：

　　· Our English teacher gave us a lecture on British accent just now.

　　· The principal told us just now that there would be a great change in our school this coming summer.
 

　　5、the other day

　　· I left my handbag on the train to Tokyo the other day.

　　· She ran into her primary school English teacher at the party the other day.
 

　　6、“this+過去時(shí)間”系列

　　· She visited the museum this Thursday.

　　· My aunt came here this Tuesday.

　　

 

　　(六)句型轉(zhuǎn)換

　　1、was/were

　　當(dāng)句子的謂語動(dòng)詞是由was/were引導(dǎo)時(shí)，was/were就相當(dāng)于助動(dòng)詞，其否定句直接在后面加not即可，疑問句只要把was/were提前即可。如：

　　· 原句：Kerry was in her hometown last Sunday.

　　· 否定句：Kerry wasn't in her hometown last Sunday.

　　· 一般疑問句：Was Kerry in her hometown last Sunday?

　　· 劃線部分提問：Where was Kerry last Sunday?(提問in her hometown)
 

　　2、did

　　當(dāng)句子的謂語動(dòng)詞為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞(行為動(dòng)詞)時(shí)，其否定句和疑問句的變化要借助助動(dòng)詞did。如：

　　· 原句：Kerry showed me around her hometown last Sunday.

　　· 一般疑問句：Did Kerry show you around her hometown last Sunday? Yes, she did. / No, she didn't.

　　· 劃線部分提問：When did Kerry show you around her hometown? (提問last Sunday)
 

　　3、非was/were/did

　　當(dāng)句子的謂語動(dòng)詞為非was/were/did的動(dòng)詞時(shí)(即謂語動(dòng)詞中含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞時(shí))，其否定句和疑問句的變化與was/were的情況相同。如：

　　· 原句：It could be worse.

　　· 否定句：It couldn't be worse.

　　· 一般疑問句：Could it be worse? Yes, it could. / No, it couldn't.

　　· 劃線部分提問：What could be worse?(提問it)

　　

 

　　(七)小試牛刀

　　1. He __________(work) in the factory six months ago.

　　2. I __________(see) her on the street last week.

　　3. Mary __________(arrive) at the airport at 7 tomorrow evening.

　　4. The girl __________(have) a cup of coffee now

　　5. When __________ he __________(buy) the car? Last October.

　　6. She __________ (get) up late this morning.

　　7. She __________(not paint) the desk next Friday.

　　8. My father __________(meet) one of his schoolmates at the party the other day.

　　9. __________ (be) you here just now? No, I __________(be not) here.

　　10. He __________ (put) on a coat because it was very cold yesterday.
 

　　【參考答案】

　　1. worked

　　2. saw

　　3. will arrive

　　4. is having

　　5. did, buy

　　6. got

　　7. will not paint / won't paint

　　8. met

　　9. Were, wasn't / was not

　　10. put

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