高中英語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)句型歸納

日期：2023-06-19 13:06 點(diǎn)擊：

Part.1

 

1. There is no point in doing sth.

There is no point (in) doing sth．表示“做某事沒有作用或沒有意義”, point為不可數(shù)名詞。如：

There is no point in arguing further.

There seems to be no point in protesting. It won’t help much.

 

2. It was the first time that ...

It was the first time that ...表示“第一次做……”，從句用過去完成時(shí)。若主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(is)，則從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如：

It is the first time I’ve won since I learnt to play chess.

 

3.形容詞或形容詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)

 英語(yǔ)中形容詞或形容詞短語(yǔ)可作狀語(yǔ)，說明主語(yǔ)行為的原因、方式、結(jié)果、伴隨狀況等。如：

Ripe, the oranges taste sweet.     Cold and hungry, he decided to stop and have a rest.

[高考示例]

After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home, _______. (上海)

A. exhausting         B. exhausted      C.being exhausted       D. having exhausted

 

Part.2

 

1.have / find / want / ... sth. done have/find/want / ... sth. done構(gòu)成“動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，過去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)表示與賓語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。如：

She had her house damaged in the storm.

When he arrived at the bank, he found the door closed.

We want the work finished by Saturday.

[高考示例1]

You should understand the traffic rule by now. You’ve had it ______ often enough.    (天津)

A. explaining  B. to explain    C. explain  D.explained

[高考示例2]

In the dream, Peter saw himself ______ by a fierce wolf, and he woke suddenly with a start.     (上海)

 

A.chased B. to be chased   C. be chased  D. having been chased

[高考示例3]

A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending, but the reader must not be left ______.  (天津)

A. unsatisfied    B. unsatisfying    C. to be unsatisfying    D. being unsatisfied

 

2. A is to B what C is to D

A is to B what C is to D是個(gè)固定句型，意為“A對(duì)B而言正如C對(duì)D一樣”。如：

Air is to us what water is to fish.

Reading is to the mind what food is to the body.

[高考示例]

Engines are to machines ______ hearts are to animals.   (山東)

A. as     B. that     C.what   D. which

 

3.形容詞+動(dòng)詞不定式

 

“形容詞+動(dòng)詞不定式”構(gòu)成特殊結(jié)構(gòu)，特點(diǎn)是不定式與其前面的作主語(yǔ)的名詞或代詞可構(gòu)成邏輯動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，該不定式通常需用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。如：

This question is easy to answer.

The water in the river is not fit to drink.

 

[知識(shí)拓展]

若不定式是不及物動(dòng)詞，后加適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞。如：

The problem is easy to work out.

This room looks very comfortable to live in.

 

Part.3

 

have sth. to do

這個(gè)句型中，不定式短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)，與被修飾名詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。如：

I have some letters to type.          

 

He has no one to help.

 

[句型拓展]

 

have sth. done使（讓、請(qǐng)）某事被做；have sth. (sb.) doing讓某物（或某人）一直做某事；have sb. do sth.讓某人做了某事。

[高考示例]

I’m going to the supermarket this afternoon. Do you have anything______?     (上海)

A. to be buying     B. to buy  C. for buying    D. bought

 

Part.4

 

1. I wish that ...

wish后接賓語(yǔ)從句，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣：與過去事實(shí)相反，從句用過去完成時(shí)；與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，從句用一般過去時(shí)；與將來事實(shí)相反，從句用could/would/might+動(dòng)詞原形。如：

He wished he hadn’t done it.

I wish we had a car.

I wish (that) you would get a good job.

 

[高考示例]

How I wish every family _______ a large house with a beautiful garden!        (上海)

A. has       B.had        C. will have       D. had had

 

2. Were/Had/Should ...

 

Were I in school again,I would work harder.

Had you been here earlier, you would have seen him.

[高考示例1]

What would have happened _______, as far as the river bank? (上海)

A. Bob had walked farther      B. if Bob should walk farther

C. had Bob walked farther      D. if Bob walked farther

[高考示例2]

_______ fired, your health care and other benefits would not be immediately cut off.   (湖北)

A. Would you be   B. Should you be     C. Could you be  D. Might you be

 

Part.5

 

1.on/upon (doing) sth.表示“一……就……”。如： 

On（my） asking for information I was told I must wait.

On his return from Canada, he set to work.

 

[知識(shí)拓展]

1.“一……就”的其他表達(dá)方法：as soon as,the moment/minute, immediately, hardly ... when, no sooner ... than等。

 

2.more ... than ...表示“與其說……不如說……”。如：

He is more diligent than clever.

The modern wide-bodied jetliner is very large. Inside, it looks more like a great theatre than （like） a plane.

 

3. Itis one thing to ..., anther to ...表示“……是一回事，……是另一回事”。如：

It is one thing for you to write to him, another to telephone him.

It is one thing for you to stay here, another for me to ask you to stay here.

 

4.There is a good chance that ...相當(dāng)于It’s likely that ...，表示“很可能……”。如：

There is a good chance that you will catch up with your classmates.

There is little chance that the sick child will get well.

 

Part.6

 

1. As sb. puts it ...

as sb. puts it ... 是固定句型，表示“正如某人所說”。如：

As the President puts it, “We have no choice but to develop our education, or we’ll fall behind.”

As he puts it in the report, “Education is to be given to children by the government.”

 

2.Sb./Sth. is believed to be/have done ...

Sb./Sth. is believed to be/have done表示“被認(rèn)為是……/已經(jīng)做了某事”。know, say, expect, report, suppose等動(dòng)詞均能用于該句型。如：

She is believed to be the first to come up with this idea.

The company was reported to have invented a new type of car.

[高考示例1]

—Is Bob still performing?

 

—I’m afraid not. He is said ______ the stage already as he has become an official.   （江蘇）

A. to have left       B. to leave     C. to have been left       D. to be left

 

[高考示例2]

Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to ______ since the flood hit the area last Friday.  (山東)

A. have been missing    B. have got lost     C. be missing    D. get lost

[高考示例3]

AIDS is said ____ the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years.  (湖北)

A. that it is       B. to be       C.that is has been      D. to have been

 

Part.7

 

1. be up to sth.

 be up to sth.表示“正在干，從事于（尤指壞事）；在搗鬼；（體力或智力上）能勝任”。如：

 He is up to no good.

 What have you been up to lately?

 He’s not up to the job.

[知識(shí)拓展]

 be up to sb.表示“是某人負(fù)責(zé)；由某人決定”，常用it作形式主語(yǔ)，用動(dòng)詞不定式作真正的主語(yǔ)。如：It’s not up to you to tell me how to do my job.

 

2.動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(yǔ)

 動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(yǔ)，多表示一個(gè)泛指的、抽象的動(dòng)作；相對(duì)來說，動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)，常表示特定的、具體的動(dòng)作。如：

 Seeing is believing.

 To lean out of the car’s window is dangerous.

[知識(shí)拓展]

 有時(shí)可用it作形式主語(yǔ)，而把動(dòng)詞-ing結(jié)構(gòu)放在句末，用于“It is no use/no good doing sth.”之類的句型。如：

 It is no good waiting here. Let’s walk home. 

 

[高考示例1]

 It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview. _______ the answers ready will be of great help.       (北京)

 A. To have had    B. Having had      C. Have      D.Having

[高考示例2]

 Eugene’s never willing to alter any of his opinions. It’s no use _______with him. (上海)

 A. to argue         B. arguing            C. argued       D. having argued

 

Part.8

 

1. There is no need to do sth.

 

There is no need to do sth.表示“（客觀上）沒有必要做某事”。如：

 There’s no need for you to get up early tomorrow.  

[高考示例]

 Since you have repaired my TV set, _______ is no need for me to buy a new one. (上海)

 A. it        B. there       C. this         D. that

 

2.where引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句

 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句一般由where和wherever引導(dǎo)。如：

 Put the books where we can all see it.

 Wherever you go, you will find computers being widely used.

[知識(shí)拓展]

 where還可以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。究竟如何區(qū)別where引導(dǎo)的是定語(yǔ)從句還是地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句呢？

 如果where前面有先行詞，則where引導(dǎo)的是定語(yǔ)從句，否則where引導(dǎo)的是地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句。另外，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系副詞where在從句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)，可由“介詞+which”代替，而地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句通常只能由連接副詞where引導(dǎo)。如：

  After the war, a new school building was put up where there had once been a theatre.

 She moved to Paris where she lived for five years.

[高考示例]

 —Is that the small town you often refer to?

 —Right, just the one _______ you know I used to work for years.(福建)

 A. that     B. which    C. where     D. what